N. M. RUZDIK1, D. VALCHEVA2, L. MIHAJLOV1, S. MITREV1, I. KAROV1 and V. ILIEVA1
1 “Goce Delchev” University, Faculty of Agriculture, 2000 Shtip, Macedonia
2 Institute of Agriculture, BG - 8400 Karnobat, Bulgaria
RUZDIK, N. M., D. VALCHEVA, L. MIHAJLOV, S. MITREV, I. KAROV and V. ILIEVA, 2015. The influence of environment on yield and yield components in two row winter barley varieties. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 863–871
The aim of this paper is to analyze the environmental influence over the yield and yield components in two row winter barley varieties. The experiment work was conducted during the period of 2012-2014 on the research fields of the Faculty of Agriculture, in two different locations in the Republic of Macedonia, as follows: Ovche Pole and Strumica. As far as material is concerned 21 genotypes were used with Macedonian, Serbian, Croatian and Bulgarian origin. Generally, genotype NS 525 indicated highest yield (5549 kg/ha) as compared to the rest of the genotypes while the lowest grain yield was obtained by genotypes Obzor (3443 kg/ha) and Imeon (3272 kg/ha) for the period of study and for the both locations together. The research had proved that the influence of year i.e. weather conditions in the period of study is the strongest over yield. By yield and yield components, most distant, form one hand, are genotypes Hit and Izvor compare to genotypes Ladreya and Odisej. For Ovche Pole location, the highest influence to the grain yield has the traits: number of productive tillers per plant and grain weight per plant, while for Strumica location these are the grain weight per plant and plant height. Genotypes Emon, Lardeya, Kuber, Odisej and Asparuh stand out as the most suitable genotypes for growing in conditions in Ovche Pole location, while for Strumica location the genotypes NS 525, NS 565, Asparuh, Sajra, Rex and Zlatko, are most appropriate. Mentioned genotypes can be introduced in the production of barley or to be chosen as the most suitable varieties for new parents in any future breeding process, in order to get the new high yielding varieties suitable for cultivation in the regions examined.
Key words: yield, yield components, genotypes, cluster, environment, PCA
Abbreviations: PCA - Principal Components Analysis; NSm2 - Number of spikes per m2; PH - Plant height; TTNP - Total tillers number per plant; NPTP - Number of productive tillers per plant; SL - Spike length; NGS - Number of grains per spike; NSSS - Number of sterile spikelets per spike; GWS - Grain weight per spike; GWP - Grain weight per plant; 1000 GW - 1000 grain weight; Y - Yield; А - factor genotype; B - factor year; C - factor location; OP - Ovce Pole; S - Strumica