Developing Mutant Sunflower Line (Helianthus annuus L.) by Combined Used of Classical Method with Induced Mutagenesis and Embryo Culture Method

J. ENCHEVA, M. CHRISTOV and P. SHINDROVA
Dobroudja Agricultural Institute, BG – 9520 General Toshevo, Bulgaria

Abstract

ENCHEVA, J., M. CHRISTOV and P. SHINDROVA, 2008. Developing mutant sunflower line (Helianthus annuus L.) by combined used of classical method with induced mutagenesis and embryo culture method. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 14: 397-404

The isolated immature zygotic F1 embryos, produced with pollycross method were treated with ultrasound before plating on nutrition medium in vitro. Some mutant plants were isolated and self-pollinated for several generations. New sunflower form with inherited morphological, biochemical and phytopatological changes were obtained through selection and self-pollination. The genetic changes included 15 morphological and biochemical agronomic traits.
In comparison to the mother line in the cross 2568 R, decreasing in the mean value of the indexes was registered for 73.3 %. of the total number of characters and vice verse, significant increasing for oil content in seed, seed length, seed width and seed thickness i.e. 26.7 %.
Increasing oil content in seed, very good combining ability, resistance to Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) and to the parasite Orobanche cumana of the new mutant line is desire combination at breeding program of sunflower. Hybrid No 61 developed with the participation of line 35 RM considerably exceeded the standard (commercial hybrids San Luka) by seed and oil yield. Polycross method in combination with induced mutagenesis in sunflower can be successfully used to develop new mutant line useful for heterosis breeding.

Key words: Helianthus annuus, immature zygotic embryos, ultrasound, mutagenesis, new breeding material, resistance, Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.), Orobanche cumana

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