Some Morphological and Pathological Modification of the Blod Cells from Alburnus alburnus in Intoxication with Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn and Cd)

S. BALTOVA1 and I. VELCHEVA2
1 University of Plovdiv "Paisij Hilendarski, Faculty of Biology " Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology", BG-4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
2 University of Plovdiv "Paisij Hilendarski", Faculty of Biology, "Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection", BG-4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Abstract

BALTOVA, S. and I. VELCHEVA, 2005. Some morphological and pathological modification of the blood cells from Alburnus alburnus L. in intoxication with heavy metals (Pb,Zn And Cd). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 11: 577-582

The study was conducted with polluted with heavy metals dam Studen Kladenets localed on the Arda River, South Bulgaria. Were studied: Alburnus alburnus L., 1758 - bleak (fam. Cyprinidae). Each sample consisted of 50 fish. In the course of study, individuals with almost the same size were used. All individuals tested were sexually mature. Water samples were also taken from dam, within the fishing area. The contents of Pb, Zn and Cd were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at chemical labotatories of the Agricultural University in Plovdiv. We prepared blood test samples by the classical method by taking blood from the heart. The smears were stained with the Romanovsky-Gimza dye.
The concentration of Pb, Zn and Cd in the water of the dam "Studen Kladenets" exceeds the maximum admissible norms. We monitored morphological modifications of the blood cells of the fish studied, which were demonstrated as kariolosis, kariorexis, cytolisis, vacuolization, and changes in the colour of granulation and basophile stains.

Key words: Pb, Zn, Cd, blood cells, freshwater fish, morphological modifications